Fire-box lining



J.C.MARUN,JR

FIRE BOX LINING Filed June 20 1922 2 $heet$Sheet 1 FIE , 1.2 J i 19 1 J6 7 F/ES I i i INVENTLTE' 5 1/255195 C/V/fl r/M a w ,3) W J Jan. 1, 1924 J. C. MARTIN, JR

FIRE BOX LINING Filed June 20', 1.922

FILE 4 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fla 5 INVENTDR Java- 6 MJWT/MJ .nificance in the linin which I am aware.

Patented Jan. i1, igfid.

can"

treats,

Mid-3% area.

man-non mums.

Application filed June 20,

co and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Fire-Box Linings, of which e following s a s cification.

e invention relates to the lining offire boxes with fire brick, and has particular sigof locomotive fire boxes where the fire brick is to be laid upon a metal pan.

The problem of lining locomotive fire boxes so as to provide a structure which will i give continuous service without the need of extensive repairs is ver diflicult. The vibration and racking of the structure, due to the movement of the locomotive, together with the high temperature, provide a combination of destructive elements which are very severe upon the lining.

In addition to thetrying conditions under which the lining is obliged to serve while theiocomotive is running it must resist the feet of workmen who are obliged frequently to enter the fire box to repair leaks in the tubes or plates, under which conditions the brick is often soaked with; the water which has escaped through the leak and the workmen by impact of their shoes and tools, have a very bad effect upon the lining. The lining of the present invention provides a structure which is able to withstand the service more effectually than any previous structure of An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on time l'1 of Fi 2, showing the tubes and sheets of the boiler diagrammatically;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lining with the portion above the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 removed;

Fig. 3 is a plan viewof all of the lining shown in big. 1;

. Figs. 4c and 6 are detail vertical sections on lines 4-4, and 6-6, respectively of Fiml;

fig 5 and t are detail vertical sections 2n lines 5-5 and 7-7, respectively, of Fig. 0; a 4

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a special form of brick which is of value-in practicing the invention;

1822. Serial No. 589,579.

Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 8. In the following description and in the claims the surfaces bounding a brick are referred to in the popular sense, as follows. The two surfaces of greatest extent are referred to as the sides of the brick. The longer of the narrow surfaces are referred to as side edges; and the shorter of the narrow surfaces are referred to as end edges.

Locomotive fire boxes for use with fluid fuel burners are usually formed with a depressed portion having upwardly inclined sldes, as shown in Figs. 5 and 7. Inlining such a fire box according to the present, invention any surfaces having rivet heads or lapped joints in the plates are leveled by means of a stiff mud of fire clay to provide a level surface upon which to lay the brick. Where such leveling is not required the brick may be laced in direct contact with the metal.

fter leveling any surfaces necessary the 'end 10 of the depression adjacent the liquid fuel burner 11 i first covered with brick laid flat providing a wall four and one-half inches thick. The bricks used are preferably two and one-half by four and one-half b nine inches, according to usual practice. V hen the interlocking brick shown in Figs. 8 and 9 are used the interlocking bosses must be removed from the top course of brick just mentioned. The second ste for the operation of linin the fire box s own is to line the flash wal 12. The brick 13 for lining this wall are, accordinto the invention, placededge row lock style, and the several cor ses necessary to complete this portion of the lining are placed successively on the ed es of those already laid, as indicated in i 6. This providesa thickness of wall 0 nine inches upon this surface which is the surface upon which the flame from the burner impinges. Not onl is the lining nine inches thick but the fu 1 thickness is in one piece. That is to say each brick upon the surface extends the full depth of the lining, giving the structure the greatest possible resistance to the heat. This lining as well as that upon the wall '10 extends to a oint flush with the surface of the horizont'a portion 14 of the pan. After completing the lining of the ends 10 and 12 the bottom 15 of the depression is lined with bricks 16. placed 'flatwise, the outer bricks 17-48 upon this surface having their,

upper sides beveled, as shown in Fig. 5. The interlocking bosses upon the surface of these bricks need not be removed. The courses thereof are laid with broken joints. After the bricks 16 are in place the flaring sides 1920 are next covered with bricks laid flatwise, the joints in the respective courses being broken as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the last brick in the course being beveled so as to lie flush with the horizontal portion 14 of the pan.

After the tapered portions of the depression are lined the horizontal portion 14 above the burner wall 10 is lined with bricks 21 placed row lock style the dimensions illustrated in Fig. 2 requirng the length of two and one-half bricks to complete this portion of the shelf to a point flush with the face of the bricks'upon the burner wall 10. The bricks over the burner are shown as extending their full depth backward from the face throughout a width of the thickness of five bricks; When the interlocking bricks illustrated are used the breaking of joints beyond this portion of the lining will be suflicient to positively lock these five bricks in place, thus providing through the portion of greatest temperature upon this part of the shelf a lining of the most resistant form which it is possible to provide thereon. The shelf at the ends of the portion of the lining just described to a distance of approximately a brick and a half is covered with brick 22 laid perpendicular to those already described, also laid on edge as indeed are all of the brick resting directlyupon the shelf 14.

The portion of the shelf 14 above the flash wall 12 is next covered with brick 23, the full width of the flash wall, with the exception of one course at the center, being covered with bricks extending thelr full depth from the face of the lining at this point. With-a fire box of the dimensions illustrated in the drawing the brick 23 will project slightly beyond the brick 13 lining the flash wall 12 and the bricks 24 and 25 placed upon the brick.23 in successive courses will each project beyond the previous course to a slight degree due to the inclination of the sheet 26 of the boiler. After the bricks 23 have been placed to a point flush with the top of the taper of the walls 20 bricks 27-28 are placed upon the side portions of the shelf 14, as clearly shown in Fig.2. When the interlocking bricks disclosed are used and with the dimension of the fire box shown a length of two bricks is required for this course which, as shown, are placed row lock style. With the interlocking brick a number of courses, five being shown, can be placed without breaking joint, since if each sixth course has its joints broken all of the bricks will be locked in place securely. By this arrangement as many as possible of the bricks extend the full nine inch depth back from the surface 29, 30 forming the edge of the lined depression. After the lining of the shelf is thuscompleted the bricks 24 and 25 are placed across the end of the flash wall portion of the shelf, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3, and a course of bricks, represented at 31 and 32, is placed along the sides of the shelf, such bricks being laced row lock style the whole length 0 the side, as 'indicated in Fig. 3. To aid the bricks 31-32 in protection of the mud ring 33 two additional courses of bricks 34.35 are preferably placed upon the bricks 3132, the latter bricks being placed flatwise.

By the described arrangement of the brick in the lining those bricks which lie directly upon the shelf and which form a portion of the lining of the depression by reason of their termination adjacent to or flush, with the lined wall of the depression are placed upon edgeand expose end-edges only to the interior of the depression. Moreover the brick in the wall of the fire box opposite the fuel in'ection are all placed on their side edges an expose end edges only to the play of the flame, including the lining of the end wall of the depression and the brick placed upon the shelf and above the same. By the words directly upon the shelf is meant bricks having no bricks between themselves and the shelf, but not necessarily in physical contact with the shelf, since the leveling thin layer 'of mud may be interposed between said bricks and the metal, preventing actual physical contact.

The form of brick shown in Figs. 8 and 9, wherein there is indicated a pair of bosses 36, with corresponding depressions 37 opposite each boss, has special value in the practice of the ,present invention. As shown the bosses are tapered and are slightly smallor than the depressions to provide a clearance and slight leeway in the laying of the brick. The center of the bosses 36 are equidistant from the ends and from the side surfaces of the brick, so that when the bricks are laid with broken joints the depressions upon one brick will receive the bosses upon two bricks under it, thereby locking them together. With the bosses placed as shown there is no provision for the thickness of a mortar joint between brick, since if a joint, particularly one of any substantial thickness were used the bosses upon adjacent bricks in any course would be spaced too far apart to enable the depressions upon a sin gle brick to receive them. A

This fact is of great advantage in the practice of the present invention, since all of the bricks described are to be laid with as slight a joint as can be accomplished. To form the joints a mud of fire clay or other suitable material of about the consistencv of cream is provided and the bricks are masses lining as often constructed has been the thick joint between the bricks, since the material of the joints is never as resistant as the bricks themselves, and once the material of the joint has deteriorated and escaped the bricks are loosened and soon fall out. In the type of fire box illustrated in the drawings the bricks fall down into the fire depressions, thus not only exposing the cooled wall of the fire pan to the internal heat but interfering with the action of the burner and thus making it impossible for the locomotive to keep a head of steam. Locomotives are frequently stalled on the road because of such defect. While the present invention contemplates the use of any form of brick ofsuitable material when laid in the manner disclosed, yet the use of the special form of brick illustrated which will interlock and which will make it impossible for the workmen to use a thick mortar joint contrary to instructions, is considered. very advantageous.

Minor changes may be made in the physical embodiment of the invention without departing from its spirit.

I claim- 1. A fire box comprising a fire pan having a shelf and a depressed portion, a fluid fuel burner projecting through an end wall of said depression, a lining for said depression including bricks on edge in the wall opposite said burner exposing end edges to flame from said burner, a layer of bricks on edge upon said shelf terminating adjacent the inner surface of said depression and presentin end edges" only of bricks about the opemng into said deprexion. 2. A fire box comprising, in combination, a metallic fire pan formed with a shelf and a depressed central ortion, a lining of refractory brick for sa d pan, the bricks upon said shelf which are exposed at the sides of said depression resting upon their edges. 3. In a fire box, the combination of a metallic fire pan formed "with a shelf and a depressed portion and means for injection' of fuel into said depression, with a refractory brick lining for said pan, the

as to come in contact with another bricks directly upon said shelf and in the wall opposite the fuel delivery each bein placed upon their longer edges whereby to expose end edges of ,the' named bricks to the interior of said depression and to the action of flame.

4. A fire box comprising, in combination, a metallic fire pan formed with a shelf and a depression, a refractory brick lining for said pan, the brick upon said shelf and exposed to the interior of said depression restin upon edge and exposing end edges to said interior.

5'. A fire box comprising, in combination, a metallic fire pan formed with a shelf and a depression, a refractory brick linin for said pan, the brick upon said shel and exposed to'the interior of said depression resting upon edge and exposing end edges to said interior and coacting' interlocking elements upon vertical faces of said bricks preventing independent movement of any individual thereof.

6. A lining for a 'fire box comprising in combination, a support, a lining of brick upon said support, said brick having bosses and depressions upon opposite faces, the centers of said bosses and depressions being equidistant from the end of the brick and from the side edges thereof whereby the bricks in said lining interlock with each other and whereby the placing of said brick with a thick mortar ioint is impossible.

7. The method of lining a fire box comprisin a depressed portion and a shelf exten ing from, the upper edges of said portion which method comprises dipping bricks in. thin mud, laying said dipped. bricks over the walls of said depression and shelf so as to expose only the edges of the bricks upon the interior surface of the fire box.

8. The method of lining a fire box comprising a depressed portion having side walls and a shelf extending from the upper edges of said side walls which method comprises providing bricks having interlockmg elements so arranged that separately placed mortar joints cannot be used, dipping said bricks in thin mud, laying said dipped bricks over said side walls and shelf so as to expose only the edges of the bricks upon the interior surface of the fire box.

JESSE C. MARTIN, JR. 

